Men who enhance their cardiorespiratory fitness levels could potentially lower their risk of developing prostate cancer, according to a recent study conducted in Sweden. The study, which analyzed data from over 57,000 men, revealed that those who demonstrated improvements in cardio fitness over time experienced a 35% lower risk of prostate cancer compared to those with stagnant fitness levels. Lead author Kate Bolam, PhD, from the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness enhances various physiological functions, such as inflammation regulation and immune system efficiency, which may contribute to reducing cancer risk.
However, the study noted that initial fitness levels did not directly influence prostate cancer risk. Rather, it was the rate of improvement in fitness over time that correlated with decreased risk. Notably, the study observed weaker associations between fitness improvements and reduced cancer risk among individuals who were already at high fitness levels at the study’s outset.
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Despite these findings, the study did not establish a direct causal relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and prostate cancer risk reduction. Kerry Courneya, PhD, a professor at the University of Alberta’s Exercise Oncology Laboratory, suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness serves as a marker for high-quality exercise, indicating the importance of consistent and vigorous physical activity in cancer prevention.
The study emphasizes the significance of regular exercise in reducing cancer risk, rather than solely focusing on initial fitness levels. Various exercises, including brisk walking, dancing, swimming, jogging, and cycling, can effectively improve cardio fitness. June Chan, ScD, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, recommends starting with gradual increases in exercise duration and frequency to minimize injury risk and ensure long-term sustainability. Ultimately, incorporating regular physical activity into one’s lifestyle can potentially contribute to lowering prostate cancer risk and improving overall health.
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